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What happened on July 20?
July 20 is day 201 of the year, day 202 in leap years. On 20 July 1944, Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg carried out an assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler. In 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin made the first crewed Moon landing. In addition, the Brazilian model Gisele Bündchen was born in 1980.
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Events on July 20
- 1853 Prussia and Oldenburg conclude the Jade Treaty, with which the territory of the later city of Wilhelmshaven is ceded to Prussia.
- 1906 Finland becomes the first European country to introduce active and passive women's suffrage.
- 1932 The Prussian government is deposed by Reich President Paul von Hindenburg by emergency decree. After the so-called Prussian coup, Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen assumes responsibility for government affairs on a provisional basis.
- 1933 Franz von Papen and Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli sign the Reich Concordat between the Holy See and the German Reich.
- 1944 Operation Valkyrie: Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg carries out an assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler, which, however, fails.
- 1954 Otto John, President of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, flees to the German Democratic Republic.
- 1969 As part of the U.S. Apollo program, the first crewed Moon landing takes place as part of the Apollo 11 mission with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, while Michael Collins orbits the Moon in the command capsule.
- 1975 The German Association for Environmental and Nature Conservation (BUND) is founded.
- 1976 The lander of the Viking 1 space probe reaches the surface of Mars and takes the first close-up photograph of the Martian surface.
- 1984 Uwe Hohn from East Germany raises the world record in the javelin throw to 104.80 m. The IAAF subsequently decides on a technical modification of the sporting equipment.
- 2006 Professional cyclist Jan Ullrich receives an extraordinary termination notice from his racing team, T-Mobile-Team, after he had previously been unable to refute the doping allegations raised against it.
- 2023 The biographical historical film Oppenheimer opens in German cinemas.
Born on July 20
- 1873 Alberto Santos Dumont, Brazilian aeronaut, aviation pioneer and inventor
- 1895 László Moholy-Nagy, Hungarian artist of the Bauhaus
- 1913 Schalom Ben-Chorin, Israeli writer
- 1922 Joachim-Ernst Berendt, German music journalist and critic
- 1941 Kurt Raab, German actor
- 1953 Dave Evans, British-Australian rock singer
- 1973 Haakon VIII., Norwegian king
- 1973 Peter Forsberg, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1980 Gisele Bündchen, Brazilian model
- 1982 Carola Holzner, German physician
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Source of events and birthdays: German Wikipedia article „20. Juli“, licence CC BY-SA 4.0, selected, shortened and translated by Birthday Paper.
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